The Book of Job (Biblical Hebrew: אִיּוֹב, romanized: ʾĪyyōḇ), or simply Job, is a book found in the Ketuvim ('Writings') section of the Hebrew Bible and the first of the Poetic Books in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The language of the Book of Job, combining post-Babylonian Hebrew and Aramaic influences, indicates it was composed during the Persian period (540–330 BCE), with the poet using Hebrew in a learned, literary manner. It addresses the problem of evil, providing a theodicy through the experiences of the eponymous protagonist. It is structured with a prose prologue and epilogue framing poetic dialogues and monologues, including three cycles of debates between Job and his friends, Job's lamentations, the Poem to Wisdom, Elihu's speeches, and God's two speeches from a whirlwind. Job is a wealthy God-fearing man with a comfortable life and a large family. God discusses Job's piety with a character called the adversary (הַשָּׂטָן, haśśāṭān, lit. 'the adversary'; i.e. "the satan"). The adversary rebukes God, stating that Job would turn away from God if he were to lose everything within his possession. God decides to test that theory by allowing the adversary to inflict pain on Job. Job is tested through extreme suffering, including the loss of his wealth, children, and health, yet he maintains his piety while challenging the justice of God. Job defends himself against his unsympathetic friends, whom God admonishes. The dialogues explore human frailty and the inaccessibility of divine wisdom, culminating in God highlighting His omnipotence and Job confessing his limited understanding. Job's fortunes and family are restored in the epilogue. The book has influenced Jewish and Christian theology and liturgy, as well as Western culture. It parallels wisdom traditions from Mesopotamia and Egypt. In Islam, Job (Ayyub) is revered as a prophet exemplifying steadfast faith.

Josquin Lebloitte dit des Prez (c. 1450–1455 – 27 August 1521) was a singer and composer of Renaissance music, who is variously described as French or Franco-Flemish. Considered one of the greatest composers of the Renaissance, he was a central figure of the Franco-Flemish School and had a profound influence on the music of 16th-century Europe. Building on the work of predecessors like Johannes Ockeghem, he developed a complex style of polyphony that emphasized the relationship between text and music. Josquin preferred motifs to melisma, and his compositions are mainly vocal works like masses, motets, and secular chansons. Josquin's biography has been continually revised by modern scholarship. By 1477 he was in the choir of René of Anjou. In the 1480s, Josquin traveled to Italy with the Cardinal Ascanio Sforza. Many of his works were printed and published by Ottaviano Petrucci in the early 16th century. From 1504 until the end of his life, he lived in Condé, where he produced some of his most admired works, including the masses Missa de Beata Virgine, and Missa Pange lingua. Josquin has been described as the first Western composer to retain posthumous fame. In 16th-century Europe, his music was widely performed and imitated. He earned praised from figures like Martin Luther, Heinrich Glarean, and Gioseffo Zarlino. During the 20th century early music revival, Josquin's reputation was reevaluated and attributions of his work became dubious. His music remains central to the repertoire of early music ensembles and is frequently recorded. He was celebrated worldwide on the 500th anniversary of his death in 2021.

A list of compositions by the Renaissance composer, publisher, and instrumentalist, Tielman Susato.

A list of compositions by the Renaissance composer, publisher, and instrumentalist, Tielman Susato.

A list of compositions by the Renaissance composer, publisher, and instrumentalist, Tielman Susato.

A list of compositions by the Renaissance composer, publisher, and instrumentalist, Tielman Susato.

A list of compositions by the Renaissance composer, publisher, and instrumentalist, Tielman Susato.

Huelgas Ensemble is a Belgian early music group formed by the Flemish conductor Paul Van Nevel in 1971. The group's performance and extensive discography focuses on Renaissance polyphony. The name of the ensemble refers to a manuscript of polyphonic music, the Codex Las Huelgas. Van Nevel is noted for his style of performing many pieces with the singers and himself in a large circle, rotating, both in live performances (such as at the Rheingau Musik Festival where the pews had to be unbolted from the floor of the Basilika of Schloss Johannisberg in 2005), and in recordings around the microphone hovering above the center. In 2009, after 8 years with Harmonia Mundi of Bernard Coutaz, the group returned to the Sony Classical Group which celebrated the occasion with the reissue of a 15CD reissue box.